GRACE BIBLE FELLOWSHIP | 恩道堂

When your time comes to die, the important thing is not the grandeur of your funeral but the greatness of your life. In fact, how you live now will determine how you will die.

当死亡降临时，人看重的不是你壮丽的葬礼，而是你生命的伟大。事实上，你现在如何生活将决定你将会如何离去。

Moses lived in the heights, and he died in the heights. He often met God on the mountain, saw His glory, and experienced His grace. Keep your mind and heart “in the heavenlies” as you live on earth (Col. 3:1ff.).

摩西在高处生活，也在高处离世。他经常在山上遇见神、看见祂的荣光并经历祂的恩典。所以，虽我们在地上生活，也当时常求在天上的事。（西3:1 FF）

Moses lived in God’s will and died in God’s will. You never have to fear life or death if you walk in obedience to the Lord. Moses died “the death of the righteous” (Num. 23:10) because he lived the life of the righteous.

摩西活在神的旨意中，也死在神的旨意下。你若顺服主，你就无需害怕生死。摩西“如义人之死而死”（民23:10），因他一生活如义人活着。

Finally, Moses lived with a forward vision, and he died with a forward vision as he viewed the Promised Land. The nation so often wanted to go back to Egypt, but he challenged them to go forward to the inheritance God prepared for them.

最后，摩西展望未来而生活，也瞭望应许之地而怀着展望离去。以色列常常渴望回到埃及，但摩西挑战他们要勇往直前，领受神已为他们预备的基业。

It is good to plan your funeral, but it is also good to live your life in such a way that you will be missed when you are gone.

预备自己的葬礼是好，但活出一个日后人将怀念你的生活也不错。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. The imminent death of Moses is a repeated theme in these closing chapters (31:1–2, 14, 16, 26–29; 32:48–52; 33:1; 34:1–8, 10, 12). Moses knew what was coming, for death is an appointment (Heb. 9:27), not an accident. Moses had begun his ministry as a lonely shepherd, caring for his sheep near Horeb (Sinai), the mountain of God (Ex. 3), and now he would end his ministry leaving his sheep with Joshua and going up Mount Nebo alone to meet God. But the emphasis in these verses isn’t so much his death as the fact that the Lord couldn’t allow him to enter the Promised Land because of his rash sin at Kadesh (Num. 20). Instead of speaking to the rock, Moses struck the rock in anger and said, “Listen, you rebels, must we bring you water out of this rock?” (v. 10, niv) His attitude, his actions (hitting the rock), and his words were all generated by the flesh and not the Spirit and were intended to glorify him and Aaron and not the Lord.

《申命记》最后几个篇章所重申的主题就是摩西即将离世（31:1-2，14，16，26-29，32:48-52；33:1；34:1-8，10，12）。摩西已预备好自己的死，因他知道死亡是神所预定的，并非一场意外（来9:27）。在事工的开端，摩西曾作一个孤独的牧者，在何烈山附近（西奈山，即神的山）照顾他的羊群（出3）；现在，他将羊群交给约书亚，独自上尼波山会见神结束自己的事工。然而，这些经文的重点不在于摩西的死，而是主因着摩西在加低斯冲动的罪行禁止他进入应许之地（民20）。摩西没有按神的指示命令磐石，而是在愤怒下击打磐石说：“你们这些背叛的人听我说：我为你们使水从这磐石中流出来么？”（10节）他的态度、举动（击打磐石） 和他的话皆属肉体，并非从圣灵而来，为的是要荣耀自己和亚伦而不是主。

2. Moses did not sanctify God in what he said and did, and for this he was kept out of the Promised Land (Deut. 1:37–40; Num. 20:12–13). He prayed earnestly that the Lord would change His mind, but the Lord refused to do so (Deut. 3:23–26; the verb indicates that Moses had often prayed this prayer). On Mount Nebo, Moses was perhaps six miles from the border of the Promised Land, but the Lord wouldn’t allow him to go in. Let’s pray that we learn a lesson from Moses’ life. Let’s us sanctify the Lord in our hearts and actions so that all can see the glory of God in us. Yes, the Lord finally allowed Moses to joined Jesus in glory on the Mount of Transfiguration (Matt. 17:1–3; Luke 9:28–31). This is the grace of God.

摩西没有在所言所行中尊主为大，所以被禁不得入应许之地（申1:37-40；民20:12-13）。他恳切祷告求主改变心意，但被主拒绝（申3:23-26；这动词表明摩西常常这样祷告）。在尼波山上，摩西也许只离应许之地约6公里，但主仍不允许他踏入那地。让我们祈祷，叫我们从摩西的生命中吸取教训。让我们在心里和行为上尊主为大，叫万人能在我们里面得见神的荣耀。是的，主终于在山上变形时让摩西加入了耶稣的荣耀（太17:1-3；路9:28-31）。这就是神的恩典。

Before viewing the land, Moses viewed the future and told the tribes what lay ahead. When Jacob gave his blessing before he died, he revealed some of the sins of his sons (Gen. 49), but Moses did not do that. Instead, he focused primarily on the relationship of the tribes with the Lord and how each one would have a distinctive character, blessing, and ministry.

在瞭望应许之地以前，摩西展望未来并告知各支派日子将如何。雅各在临终祝福儿子时，揭露了他们的一些罪行（创49），但摩西并没有这么做。相反的，他主要述说了各支派与主的关系，以及他们各自特有的性格、祝福和事工。

God’s people are privileged to be in His hand for safekeeping (John 10:28–29) and at His feet for learning and obeying (v. 3). We are “between His shoulders,” next to His heart (v. 12), and He bears us with His “everlasting arms” (v. 27). What more could we want?

神的子民在祂手里得到保护（约10:28-29），也可以在祂脚前学习、顺服（3节）；这是神子民的特权。我们在“祂两肩之中”、在祂的心里（12节）、在祂“永久的膀臂”遮盖下（第27节）。我们还要求什么呢？

Verse 25 is a good reminder to live a day at a time, as all creation lives (Matt. 6:25–34). The best way to destroy today is to regret yesterday and worry about tomorrow. Israel faced some difficult days, but God was with them and helped them a day at a time.

第25节提醒我们一天的难处一天当就够了，如同所有造物一样，无需挂虑（太6:25-34）。摧毁今天最好的方式就是为昨天懊悔，且为明天忧虑。以色列曾面临一些艰难的日子，但神总与他们同在，并一天接着一天地帮助他们。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

The “Song of Moses” had been a lesson in theology, history, and personal obedience, with several strong warnings included; but the final blessing Moses bestowed on his people is saturated with grace and mercy. It’s quite a contrast to the “blessing” Jacob gave his sons before he died (Gen. 49), revealing their hidden character and exposing sin. Moses opened and closed his speech by extolling the greatness of the Lord he was about to meet on top of the mount (Deut. 33:1–5, 26–29). What do you want to leave behind when you leave this world? Pray that you will leave your children the lesson of how great and faithful the Lord is and pray that they will follow your footsteps in serving Him.

《摩西之歌》是对神学、历史和个人顺服的教导，其中还包括了一些严肃的警告；然而，摩西所赐给子民的最后祝福却是充满了恩典和怜悯。这与雅各临死所赐给儿子们的“祝福” 截然不同（创49），因为雅各所做的是当面揭穿众儿子的罪性和罪行。摩西以歌颂他将在山上面见之主的伟大，作为开场和结语（申33:1-5，26-29）。当你离开这世界时，你想要留下的是什么？请祷告，叫自己留给孩子的是主的伟大和信实，并为他们祈求，愿他们跟从你的脚步侍奉祂。

God gave Moses this song to teach the people so that they would learn to love and obey Him (Deut. 31:19–30). Our songs today should follow this pattern by revealing the greatness and goodness of the Lord and thus encouraging us to live for Him (v. 3). The key image for God is “the Rock.” It speaks of His stability in a changing world and His dependability in a demanding world (v. 4). The Rock is our Savior (v. 15), Father (v. 18), and Deliverer (vv. 30–31). He is all that we need.

神赐摩西这首歌来教导以色列人如何学习爱祂、顺服祂（申31:19-30）。今天，我们的诗歌也应当遵循同样的模式；借着彰显主的伟大与良善，从而勉励我们为祂而活（3节）。神主要的形象是“磐石”；这述说了祂在这变化万千、刁蛮刻薄的世界中，是永不改变、信实可靠的（4节）。这磐石是我们的救主（15节）、我们的父（18节），以及我们的拯救（30-31节）。祂是我们的一切所需。

Israel is compared to young eagles that must leave the nest and learn how to fly (vv. 11–12). But Israel is also God’s treasure, and He will protect His people (vv. 34–35). Moses reminded them not to forget their beginning (v. 18) or ignore their “latter end” (v. 29).

以色列好比雏鹰，想要学习飞行就必须离开鸟巢（11-12节）。以色列也是神的珍宝，祂必保护祂的子民（34-35节）。摩西提醒他们不要忘了自己的开始（18节），也不得忽视自己的“结局”（29节）。

Moses compared God’s Word to the rain and the dew (v. 2), which come down from heaven and bring life and refreshment to the earth. Much sharing of the Word may seem to be a waste, but the Word accomplishes God’s purposes whether we see it or not (Isa. 55:10–11).

摩西将神的道比作从天而降、滋润并赋予大地生命的雨露（2节）。很多时候，分享话语看似浪费时间，但无论我们是否察觉，这话语已成就了神的旨意（赛55:10-11）。

Much of this song is a warning to the people that they were prone to forget what God did for them and to turn from God to idols. We do not know how often they sang this song, but we do know that they did not take it to heart. Do God’s people today pay attention to what they are singing?

这首歌大部分的内容都在告诫以色列子民，因为他们是如此容易忘了神为他们所做的一切，而背离祂敬拜偶像。他们是否常常唱这首歌我们并不知道，但可以肯定的是他们并没把歌放在心上。今天，神的子民是否留意他们所唱的歌呢？

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. Today many churches argue about church music. However, the Bible didn’t give us any instruction regarding the music but the lyric. We should not be dogmatic about the music or the instruments but the theology of the songs especially we have so diverse cultures from Africa and Latin America to Chinese and Western world. The Lord use the songs to teach us about theology. Let’s pray that we focus on the theology and teaching of the songs. It is important to focus on cardinal doctrines rather than the trivial such as atmosphere or lightings etc.

今天许多教会在敬拜诗歌上起争执。然而，圣经教导我们的是要关注歌词并非音乐本身。基于各国文化大有不同，我们无需在所用的音乐或乐器上固执己见。歌词中神学的教导才是我们要注意的，因主借着诗歌教导我们神学。让我们祈祷，叫我们把焦点放在诗歌中的神学和教导而不是气氛或灯光等的琐碎之事。

2. Moses’ song begins with a short introduction emphasizing the steadfast and faithful God and the rebellious Israel (vv. 1–6). The song describes God’s election (vv. 8, 9) and His care for them (vv. 10–12) and their possession of the Land (vv. 13, 14). However, Israel’s neglect of God’s goodness and her apostasy (vv. 15–18) would bring God’s wrath on them (vv. 19–33). Ultimately, God’s vengeance would strip Israel of all power and turn the nation from idolatry (vv. 34–38). Then, God would bring His judgment upon the nations, both His enemies and Israel’s (vv. 39–42). The song ends with a call to the nations to rejoice with Israel because God would restore them and punish their enemies (v. 43). Let’s pray that we learn the lesson quickly as the Lord will discipline those he loves (Heb 12:7).

摩西之歌以简短的引言开始，强调神的信实和以色列的叛逆（1-6节）。这首歌描述了神的拣选（8，9节）、祂对以色列的照顾（10-12节）和他们对应许之地的占领（13，14节）。然而，以色列若忽视神的良善转向偶像（15-18节），神的忿怒就会降临（19-33节）。神必在怒气中剥夺以色列所有的能力，使他们离开偶像敬拜（34-38节）。然后，神将审判全地包括以色列以及祂的敌人（39-42节）。歌曲的结尾呼召全地要与以色列同欢，因神必再次兴起以色列，并惩罚她的敌人（43节）。让我们祈祷能快快吸取教训，因主必管教祂所爱的（来12:7）。

Moses could have closed his life under a dark cloud of discouragement. Instead, he gave encouragement to his people as they faced the challenge of a new life in a new land under a new leader.

摩西大可以沉重沮丧的话作为离别之词。但他并没有那么做，反到是在勉励以色列子民。因为他们将在新领导的带领下踏入应许之地，面临新生活的挑战。

He encouraged the people (vv. 1–6) not to be afraid of the enemy because the Lord would go before them and give them victory. He gave a similar word of encouragement to Joshua (vv. 7–8). It would not be easy for Joshua to take the place of a great man like Moses, but he still had the God of Moses as his help.

摩西勉励子民（1-6节）不要畏惧敌人，因为神必引导他们，使他们得胜。摩西以同样的话语勉励约书亚（7-8节）。的确，要继承像摩西这样的伟人并不容易，但约书亚同样也有神作他的帮助。

Moses encouraged the Levites (vv. 9–13, 24–29) to protect and proclaim the Word of God and to teach it to the whole nation. If Israel did not enjoy the Word, they could not enjoy the blessings of God in their inheritance.

摩西勉励利未人（9-13，24-29节）要保守并宣讲神的话语，且要将它教遍全以色列国。如果以色列无法以神的话为乐，他们也就无法在所得的基业中享受神所赐的祝福。

God changes His workers, but His work goes on. No matter who our spiritual leaders are, we must love the Lord and live according to His Word. That is the secret of blessing and success. It is also the secret of being an encouragement to others.

神替换了祂的仆人，但祂的工作从未停止。无论我们的属灵领导是谁，我们都必须爱主，并按祂的话语生活。这是福气和成功的秘诀。这也是勉励他人的秘诀。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. Two themes dominate the last 4 chapters of Deuteronomy: 1) the death of Moses (31:1, 2, 14, 16, 26–29; 32:48–52; 33:1; 34:1–8, 10–12) and 2) the succession of Joshua (31:1–8, 14, 23; 32:44; 34:9). We have limited time on earth and the day will come for us to leave. What legacy do you want to leave behind? At their dying beds, many regret the things they did or didn’t do. Let’s pray that we plan and prepare now before it is too late.

《申命记》最后4个篇章有两个主题：一、摩西的死（31:1, 2, 14, 16, 26–29; 32:48–52; 33:1; 34:1–8, 10–12）;二、约书亚的继承（31:1-8，14，23；32:44；34:9）。我们在世上的时间有限，终会离世。你想要留下的基业是什么？一个即将离世的人常常会为自己所做或没做的事感到遗憾。让我们祈祷现在就开始作计划和筹备，免得为时已晚。

2. In the work of the Lord, there’s no substitute for godly leadership. As Moses did with Joshua, Christ with His apostles, and Paul with Timothy and Titus, the older generation must equip the younger generation to take their place (2 Tim. 2:2). The Lord has given us the qualifications for leaders in the church (1 Tim. 3; Titus 1), and we must give ourselves to mentoring and training qualified people to become those leaders. “The final test of a leader,” wrote political columnist Walter Lippmann, “is that he leaves behind him in other men the conviction and the will to carry on.” This is also what Paul’s instruction to Timothy, “The things which you have heard from me in the presence of many witnesses, entrust these to faithful men who will be able to teach others also (2Ti 2:2). Let’s pray that we will have more faithful men trained for the ministry not just in Singapore but also in China.

在主的工作里，敬虔的领袖是非常重要的。正如摩西对约书亚、基督对使徒、保罗对提摩太和提多一样；上一代必须教导并预备下一代接任自己（提后2:2）。主已给我们教会领袖须备的资格（提前3；多1），而我们须尽所能指导和教训下一代成为敬虔的领袖。政治专栏笔者沃尔特·李普曼写到：“一个领袖最后的考验，就是看他的继承人是否把同样的信念和意志流传下去。”这也是保罗给提摩太的指示：“你在许多见证人面前听见我所教训的，也要交托那忠心能教导别人的人”（提后2:2）。让我们祈祷，叫我们不仅在新加坡，也要在中国培养预备更多忠于主事工的男人。

The purpose of chastening is restoration, not ruination. God knows what His people will do, so He makes provision for them to repent and return. He has done this for His people today (1 John 1:5–2:2).

管教的目的是要叫人回心转意，而不是毁灭他们。神知道祂的子民会做什么，所以祂会留下余地叫他们能回转、悔改。神现今也为属祂的人如此行（约一1:5-2:2）。

Note the repetition of the little word all. God will send all His judgments among His people in all the nations (v. 1), so that with all their hearts and souls they will obey all He has commanded (v. 2). If we fail to deal with any sin, or if we ignore any word from God, our repentance will be incomplete.

请注意“一切”这词的重复。神会將一切审判降在万囯中属祂的百姓（1节），使他们尽心尽性听从祂所吩咐的一切（2节）。如果我们不正视自己的罪，又或者无视神部分的话，我们的悔改就不完全。

The heart needs “spiritual surgery” if it is to love the Lord and obey Him (v. 6; Deut. 10:16; Jer. 4:4; Rom. 2:25–29). Every child of God has experienced this (Col. 2:11) and, by faith, can live victoriously. When we receive the Word in our hearts (vv. 11–14), we have both the desire and the dynamic to obey God and glorify Him. The heart of victory is the heart!

我们若想拥有一颗爱主的心，要听从祂的话，就需要动“屬灵的手术”（6节；申10:16；耶4:4；罗2:25-29）。主的每位孩子都有这样的经历（西2:11），也能借着信心活出得胜的生命。当我们心里领受了神的话（11-14节），我们就会有服从和荣耀神的欲望及动力。胜利的关键就在心里！

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

So often in Scripture, the thundering voice of judgment is followed by the loving voice of hope. Yes, Israel did forsake the Lord and follow after idols, and the Lord did bring on His people the judgments stated in His covenant. No nation in history has suffered as much as the nation of Israel, and yet no nation has given so much spiritual wealth to the world. In this chapter, Moses looked down through the centuries and saw the future restoration of Israel in their land and under the blessings of God. However, Bible scholars disagree about the future of Israel. Some say that the church is now “spiritual Israel” and that all of these Old Testament promises are now being fulfilled in a spiritual sense in the church. Others say that the Old Testament promises must be taken at face value and that we should expect a fulfillment of them when Jesus Christ returns to establish His kingdom on earth. Moses seems to be speaking here to and about Israel and not some other “people of God” in the future, such as the church. The church has no covenant relationship to the land of Israel, for God gave that land to Abraham and his descendants (Gen. 15); and the blessings and curses were declared to Israel, not the church. It would appear that there will be a literal fulfillment of these promises to Israel. When they repent, turn back to Jehovah, and open their hearts to the operation of His Spirit (Ezek. 37:1–14; Isa. 11:2; Joel 2:28–29), God will save them and establish them in Messiah’s glorious kingdom (Zech. 12:10–13:1; 14:8–9). Let’s pray for Israel’s repentance and God’s glory be restored in Israel.

我们常常在圣经中看到，紧接着神雷鸣般的审判之语，就是祂带有慈爱与盼望之声。是的，以色列确实离弃了耶和华追随偶像，而主也依照所立的约将向祂的百姓倾倒审判。在历史上，无一国像以色列一样遭受重重苦难，但无一国也像以色列那样给于世界如此多的属灵财富。在这一篇章中，摩西展望了以色列数世纪后的未来，看到以色列在神的祝福下所得到的复兴。然而，有些圣经学者对以色列的未来持有不同的看法：有的说现今教会是“属灵的以色列”，而教会将在灵性上继承旧约所有的应许；有的又说，唯有基督再来，在地上建立祂的国度时，旧约的应许才得应验。摩西在这里陈述的对象似乎是以色列，而不是未来中某些“神的子民”，如教会。教会与以色列之地无约定，因为神把土地给了亚伯拉罕和他的后裔（创15）；而相关的祝福和诅咒都是向以色列宣告的，不是教会。这样看来，给予以色列的应许将照字面成就。当他们悔改归向耶和华，并打开心房让圣灵动工时（结37:1-14;赛11:2，珥2:28-29），神将拯救他们，且在弥赛亚荣耀的国度里建立他们（亚12:10-13:1；14:8-9）。让我们为以色列的悔改祈祷，求神的荣耀回到以色列。

It is a serious thing to enter into a covenant with the Lord. He will keep His part of the agreement, but we are prone to disobey. If we are to be faithful, we need spiritual renewal for our eyes, ears, and hearts (v. 4). We need to see His hand at work, hear His Word, and love Him with all our hearts.

与主立约是一件严肃的事。神必然遵行祂的部分，但我们却倾向悖逆。我们若要忠心与主，就得在眼目、双耳和内心得到圣灵的更新（4节）。我们需要看到祂的工作，听到祂的话，并尽心尽意地爱主。

For forty years, the people saw miracles and heard words, yet they did not perceive what God was doing. They saw His acts but did not understand His ways (Ps. 103:7). They had seen God defeat the idols of Egypt, yet they still had idolatry in their hearts. What could have been spiritual experiences was only a series of historical events because they did not focus on the Lord.

四十年来，以色列人既看到奇迹又听见主话，却仍不晓其用意。他们看到神行事，却不晓得祂的作为（诗篇103:7）。他们目睹神击败埃及的偶像，心里却仍敬拜他神。由于他们不看重神，他们的属灵经历仅被当作是历史事件罢了。

Our responsibility is to obey what we know and not pry into what we do not know (v. 29). Ponder Matthew 13:10–17, and then examine your spiritual perception.

我们的责任是服从我们所知道的，而不是窥探属于耶和华隐必的事（29节）。请思考马太福音13:10-17，然后审察你属灵的视觉。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. This chapter is the Book of Deuteronomy in miniature. Moses reviewed the past (vv. 1–8), called the people to obey God’s Law (vv. 9–15), and warned them what would happen if they disobeyed (vv. 16–29). As we read and study Moses’ farewell address, we may get weary of these repeated themes, but they are the essence of God’s covenant with His people. Many of the people who accepted the covenant at Sinai had perished in the wilderness, but there was still a “nation of Israel” that was accountable to the Lord to obey that covenant (Deut. 4–5). Future generations of Jews were also bound by the covenant made by their ancestors at Sinai. If the nation followed the idolaters and disobeyed the Lord, the Lord would judge the whole land and it would become an example to others of what happens when God’s law is violated. Let’s pray that we learn the lesson from Israel and not repeat their mistake.

本章是《申命记》的缩影。摩西回顾了过去（1-8节），叫人们遵守神的律法（9-15节），并警告他们违背律法（16-29节）的后果。当我们阅读并学习摩西的告别致辞时，我们或许会对再三重复的主题感到厌倦，但这都是神与祂子民立约的精髓。许多在西奈山与神立约的人都在旷野中灭亡了，但“以色列国”仍有责任遵守约定（申4-5）。后代的犹太人必须遵守他们祖先在西奈山所立的约。如果以色列崇拜偶像，悖逆了主，主將审判以色列全地，以儆效尤。让我们祈祷我们会汲取以色列的教训，不要重蹈覆辙。

2. Will Israel be an obedient people? Would God send these curses? What does the future hold for the nation? Some people wonder, but this was not a time for speculation; it was a time for dedication. “The secret things belong to the Lord our God, but those things which are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law” (29:29). Our responsibility as God’s people isn’t to try to pry open the doors of the future but to obey God’s will here and now. Let’s pray that we will not rebel against God by focusing on the mysteries like some do, but to obey what God has already made clear to us in the Bible.

以色列是否会听从神的话​​？神是否会降下诅咒？以色列将有怎样的未来？有些人反复遐想，但这不是猜测的时候，而是委身的时候。 “隐秘的事是属耶和华我们神的；惟有明显的事是永远属我们和我们子孙的，好叫我们遵行这律法上的一切话”（29:29）。身为神的子民，我们的责任不是要尝试撬开未来，而是服从神当下的旨意。让我们祈祷叫自己不要违背神，不要像他人一样把焦点放在隐秘的事上，而是谨守遵行神在圣经中清楚的教导。

God began with the blessings (vv. 1–14), but the major part of the address was given to the judgments. If this seems to be out of balance, just keep in mind that God knew their hearts (Deut. 5:29).

神以祝福开头（1-14节），但大部分经文描述的是审判。如果你觉得这似乎不平衡，请记住神能透视他们的内心（申5:29）。

God promised to bless every area of their lives (vv. 2–6), including their political ventures (vv. 7, 13), their agriculture (vv. 8, 11–12), and their witness to the Gentiles (vv. 9–10). By being a separated and holy people, they would be a light to the Gentiles (Isa. 49:6), but they failed in their mission. Compare verse 10 with verse 25.

神应许要祝福他们生活的每一方面（2-6节）；这包括了他们的政治扩展（7,13节）、农业（8, 11-12节）和他们向外邦人的见证（9-10节）。藉着作一群圣洁、分别为圣的人，他们将作外邦人的光（赛49:6），可他们最终完成不了自己的使命。请对比第10与第25节。

Obedience would lift them higher (vv. 1, 13), make them richer (vv. 3–6, 8), and keep them safer (v. 7). From a spiritual point of view, we can claim these promises today.

顺服能使得他们超乎天下万民（1, 13节），使他们更富裕（3-6节），也使他们更安全（7节）。从属灵的角度来看，我们今日也能享有这些祝福。

The curses are frightening, yet they eventually came upon the nation because the people turned from God to idols and disobeyed the Word of God. They did not diligently obey God, carefully observe His law, or joyfully do His will (vv. 1, 47). If we do not “serve the Lord with gladness” (Ps. 100:2), we will end up serving the enemy with sadness.

这些诅咒是可怕的，但它们最终也降临以色列国，因为百姓背离了神，悖逆了祂的话，转而敬拜偶像。他们没有留心听从神的话，谨守遵行祂的诫命，或欢心乐意地遵行祂的旨意（1, 47节）。若我们“不乐意事奉耶和华”（诗篇100:2），我们最终将会以悲痛侍奉敌人。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. God promised to bless His people in all places—the city, the field, and the home—with all that they needed. As they went in and out in their daily work (v. 6; 8:17–18), He would care for them and prosper their efforts. He would give them victory over their enemies so that they could maintain possession of the land. We must keep in mind why the Lord promised these marvelous blessings. For one thing, the nation of Israel was still in its spiritual infancy (Gal. 4:1–7), and one way to teach children is by means of rewards and punishments. However, it wasn’t long before thinking Israelites discovered that wicked people were also receiving blessings, so there was something more to faith than just being rewarded. (See Ps. 73; Jer. 12:1–4; Job 21:7–15.) Gradually God taught His people that their obedience was a witness to the other nations (Deut. 28:12) and brought glory to His name. Let’s pray that we grow to be mature that we walk by faith not by sight.

神应许要在各个地方（城市、农田、家里）祝福祂子民，供应他们一切所需。当他们每日出入工作时​​（6节；8:17-18），神必看顾他们，使他们繁荣昌盛。神也必使他们战胜敌人，叫他们得以继续占领土地。我们必须牢记主为什么应予这些奇妙的祝福。一方面，以色列国仍处在属灵初期（加4:1-7），而奖赏、惩罚制度是教导孩子的途径之一。然而，以色列不用多久也会发现恶人同样会领受祝福，所以人有信心不仅仅是为得到奖赏。（见诗73；耶12:1-4；约21:7-15）。渐渐地，神教导祂子民：他们对神的顺服是对邻国的见证（申28:12），使祂的名得荣耀。让我们祈祷，叫自己能够成长，能凭信心而不凭眼见行事。

2. Just as God promised to bless them in every area of life if they obeyed His covenant, so He warned that He would curse them in every area of life—their bodies, families, fields, flocks, and herds—if they disobeyed. The word “destroyed” is repeated ominously (vv. 20, 24, 45, 48, 51, 61, 63). The Jews would be consumed by disease and famine and defeated in war, with their dead bodies left unburied to become food for birds and animals. Let’s pray that we take God’s word seriously. God is not mocked, for whatever one sows, that will he also reap. (Gal 6:7)

神应许以色列：若他们遵守约定，祂必在生活的各层面赐福与他们；同样的，倘若他们违背约定，神也必在生活的各个领域（身体、家庭、农田、羊群、牛群）诅咒他们。“毁灭”这不祥的词也多次在这里重复（20，24，45，48，51，61，63节）。犹太人将灭于疾病、饥荒和败战，而他们的尸首将任其腐烂，成为鸟和动物的食物。让我们祷告能认真对待神的话语。神是轻慢不得的；人种的是什么，收的也是什么。（加6:7）

This ceremony was observed only once, after Israel entered the land and began to conquer it (Josh. 8:30–35). It was a solemn reminder to them that obedience to God was the secret of success (Josh. 1:8).

这仪式只进行过一次，就是在以色列进入土地并开始征服它的时候（书8:30-35）。这是对以色列人一个严肃的提醒：顺服神才是成功的秘诀（书1:8）。

The Law was written on large stones so that everyone could read it. Today, as we read and meditate on God’s Word, the Spirit writes it on our hearts and transforms us from within (2 Cor. 3:1–3, 18).

把律法刻在大石上的用意，是叫每个人都能看见。今天，当我们阅读和默想神话语的时侯，圣灵也将律法写在我们的心版上，从内心改变我们（林后3:1-3，18）。

The ceremony was a renewal of the nation’s covenant with God, for new beginnings deserve new acts of dedication. The burnt offering spoke of total dedication to God. The peace offerings, and the meal that followed, spoke of joyful fellowship with God.

这仪式代表着以色列国与神重新立约，因为新的开始就要有新的奉献。燔祭意味着对神的全然忠心。平安祭和随后的宴会代表了与神欢乐的团契。

The curses are related to the Law already given in the Ten Commandments and cover many aspects of personal life. Israel’s obeying the Law did not deliver them from Egypt or take them into Canaan, but it did enable them to live together and enjoy the blessings of God.

这些诅咒与十诫里的律法息息相关，并涵盖了个人生活的许多层面。以色列不能因遵守律法脱离埃及或进入迦南地，但他们因此能一起生活，共享神的祝福。

None of us can wholly keep God’s law or fully meet all His righteous demands. We give thanks for what Christ has done for us on the cross (Gal. 3:10–14) and what the Spirit does in our lives (Rom. 8:1–4).

无人能完全遵守神的律法或成全祂所有公义的要求。我们感谢基督在十字架上为我们成就的一切（加3:10-14），也感谢圣灵在我们生命里所造就的事（罗8:1-4）。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

In these two chapters, Moses explained the curses and the blessings associated with the Sinaitic Covenant. He first called Israel to perform an elaborate ceremony to ratify the covenant when they entered the Land (27:1–26; carried out by Joshua in Josh. 8:30–35). This was to remind the people that it was essential to obey the covenant and its laws. Then, Moses further explained the blessings for obedience and the curses for disobedience (28:1–68). The first curse (v. 15) condemned idolatry. The second curse related to dishonoring parents, and the third is about property. The fourth curse revealed God’s special concern for people with disabilities (the blinds). In the fifth curse, the focus is on treating with kindness and justice the helpless and unfortunate in the land. Curses six through nine (27:20–23) have to do with sexual purity. The perversion of sex is not only the abuse of a gift from God, but it threatens marriage and the family, which are foundational to the success of the nation. Let’s examine our hearts carefully to see if we have violated any of these commandments.

在这两个篇章中，摩西向百姓解释西奈之约的诅咒与祝福。首先，当以色列进入应许地后，他吩咐百姓举行盛大的仪式来重申公约（27:1-26；在约书亚记8:30-35由约书亚主持）。这是为了提醒会众要遵守约定及其律法。接着，摩西进一步解释了顺服所带来的祝福与悖逆所带来的诅咒（28:1-68）。首个诅咒（15节）对应的是偶像崇拜；第二是则关系到轻慢父母；第三关于财产；第四个显露了神对残疾人（瞎眼的）的特别关注。在第五个诅咒中，其焦点是要以公义和良善对待那地无助和不幸的人。第六至九（27:20-23）关系到性纯洁。淫乱不但糟蹋了神所赐予我们的礼物，也威胁到婚姻和家庭的关系，而这是国家繁荣的根基。让我们仔细审查自己的心，看看是否违反了任何一条戒命。

These two rituals were to be observed after the nation had entered Canaan and become an agricultural society. When they had reaped their first harvest, the people were to give the firstfruits to God to acknowledge Him as the Redeemer of the nation. God still wants us to put Him first and give Him glory for the blessings He freely bestows on us (Prov. 3:5–10).

这两个仪式是在以色列国进入迦南地并成为农业社会后当遵守的。当他们获得首批丰收时，百姓须把初熟的土产献给神，以承认祂是以色列人的救世主。神仍然要我们把祂居首位，并为祂向我们慷慨赐下的祝福将荣耀归于祂（箴3:5-10）。

They were also to present the “third-year tithe” to help support the Levites and the poor in the land. As with the ceremony of firstfruits, the people were to confess the Lord’s goodness in blessing the land and giving the harvest.

他们也必须献上“每三年的什一税”以供养利未人及救济穷人。同献上初熟土产的仪式一样，百姓要承认主的良善，因为祂祝福土地，给予收成。

There is nothing wrong with special times of ceremony and celebration, especially when we make new beginnings. However, we must focus on worshiping God and not just observing a ceremony.

我们可以守特别的仪式和庆祝活动，尤其当我们展开新的旅程时。然而，我们当专注的是敬拜神，而不是仅仅遵守仪式罢了。

These two events remind us of the two great commandments, to love God first and then to love our neighbor. Grateful obedience is a hallmark of God’s special people (vv. 16–19).

这两个仪式提醒我们两大诫命，就是要先爱神，再爱邻舍。出于感恩的顺服是神特殊子民的标志（16-19节）。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. Moses commanded the people to keep two rituals when they had conquered the Land and began to enjoy its produce. These two rituals were the initial firstfruits offering (26:1–11) and the first third-year special tithe (26:12–15). The offering of the firstfruits was to be accompanied by an elaborate confession of the Lord’s faithfulness in preserving Israel and bringing the people into the Land. The essential aspects of the worshiper’s coming to the sanctuary were the presentation of the firstfruits, bowing in worship, and rejoicing in the Lord’s goodness. In this manner, the visit to the sanctuary was a confession and acknowledgment of God. It was a time of praise and rejoicing because of God’s goodness and mercy extended to former generations and was evidence of divine sustaining grace at that time. Let’s pray that we possess proper attitude toward offering. It is part of worship. It is part of thanksgiving and it should be done with joy and celebration.

摩西吩咐百姓在征服领土后并开始享受土产时当遵守的两个仪式。这两个仪式是初熟土产的奉献（26:1-11）和每三年所作的特殊什一税（26:12-15）。奉献初熟土产的同时，百姓也当详述主的信实，因为祂保守了以色列并把子民带入到应许之地。献上初熟土产、屈膝敬拜，并因主的良善而喜乐都是百姓进入圣所时必行的。由此，进入圣所就是承认并敬拜神的时间。这是一个赞美和欢乐的时光，因为神的良善和怜悯跨至前代，延至当日，是神持续施予恩典的凭据。让我们祷告自己在奉献上拥有正确的态度。奉献是敬拜的一部分；它包含了感恩之心，须出于喜悦欢庆而行。

2. The tithe collected every third year of Israel in the land of Canaan was not taken to the central sanctuary, but distributed locally to Levites, immigrants, widows, and orphans. In the same token we should prepare to give to the special ministries, special needs and special projects. Let’s pray that we give joyfully with a thankful heart because the Lord has already richly blessed us. Let us share the blessing of the Lord to others.

每逢三年，以色列在迦南地所取得的什一税并无投入圣所之用，而是发给当地的利未人、新移民、孤儿和寡妇。同样的，我们也当预备向特殊事工、特殊需要和特殊项目的工作奉献。让我们祈祷自己能以感恩、喜悦的心奉献，因为神已丰丰富富地赐福与于我们。让我们与他人共享耶和华所赐下的祝福。

The emphasis is on respecting people and treating them as fellow human beings, made in the image of God. It is wrong to humiliate others or take advantage of them (vv. 1–3, 11–12).

这里强调的是要尊重他人，待他人如同胞，因为我们都是按神的形象所造的。我们不可侮辱或利用他人（1-3节，11-12节）。

We also should have respect for animals (v. 4; see also Prov. 12:10). It would be frustrating for an ox to be in the midst of plenty and not be able to eat. The apostle Paul saw a much wider application of this verse (1 Cor. 9:1–14; 1 Tim. 5:17–18).

我们也应该尊重动物（4节，也见箴12:10）。要牛在谷场上工作却不给吃，实在很苛刻。使徒保罗在新约里对这节经文有了更广泛的应用（林前9:1-14；提前5:17-18）。

We should respect the family (vv. 5–10). This law was significant in Israel because of family and tribal inheritance. It does not apply today, but the principle is clear: the family carries on the life of the nation, and it must be protected.

我们要尊重家人（5-10节）。这律法在以色列非常重要，因这关乎家族和支派的继承。它虽不适用于今日，但其原则是清楚的：家庭继承了国家的命脉，所以家庭必须受到保护。

We must have respect for truth (vv. 13–16) and not be devious in our business dealings. Read Proverbs 11:1 and 20:10, and heed the warning of Proverbs 21:6.

我们必须尊重真理（13-16节），商业往来也不能使用不正当的手段。请阅读箴言11:1和20:10，并听从箴言21:6的警告。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. When an offender was found guilty and sentenced to be beaten, he was not to be humiliated but punished justly (Deut. 25:1–3). To beat him too little would be to minimize the offense, but to beat him too much would be to treat him in an inhuman manner and “degrade him” (NIV). The limit was forty stripes, but the Jews later made it thirty-nine (2 Cor. 11:24) so as not to accidentally go over the legal number. Whether it’s a judge sentencing a criminal or a father chastening his child, the punishment must fit the offense and not demean the offender. Let’s pray for wisdom so that we know how to mete out punishments in our dealings especially when bringing up our children in the discipline and instruction of the Lord. (Eph. 6:4)

当罪犯被定罪受责打时，我们不得羞辱他，只能按公义施行惩罚（申25:1-3）。打的次数过少就是轻看罪行，打过数了则是不人道，“轻贱”了弟兄。鞭打次数的上限是40下，但犹太人后来将它改为39下（林前11:24），以免无意超过极限。无论是法官审判罪犯，还是父亲管教孩子，刑罚与罪状必须相符，不得践踏犯罪者。让我们向神祈求智慧，在需要时懂得施行公正的处罚，尤其要照着主的教训和警戒养育我们的孩子。（弗6:4）

2. Levirate marriages provided that the brother of a dead man who died childless was to marry the widow in order to provide an heir. Obviously, this required that the brother be unmarried and desired to keep the property in the family by passing it on to a son since taking brother’s wife is forbidden (Lev. 18:16; 20:21). This practice reflected fraternal affection, and if a single brother refused to conform to this practice, he was confronted with contempt and humiliation by the elders. The perpetuation of his name as a member of the covenant people witnessed to the dignity of the individual. Although this is not practiced today, the principle remains. We are to care for our family. Let’s pray for our family members and care for physical, emotional and spiritual health.

夫兄弟婚是寡妇与亡夫的弟兄或近亲结婚的习俗，好叫家族有继承人。显然，这兄弟必是未婚的，因为迎娶兄弟的妻子是违例的（利18:16；20:21），且有志愿保守家族的财产，将它传授给儿子。这习俗反映的是兄弟之间爱，而倘若一个单身兄弟拒绝这么做，他将受到长老们的蔑视和羞辱。作为约下子民的一份子，他姓名的存留见证了个人的尊严。虽然我们今日并无这习俗，但其原则不变：我们当照顾自己的家人。让我们为自己的家人祷告，关心他们身、心、灵的健康。