GRACE BIBLE FELLOWSHIP | 恩道堂

Knowing the sinfulness of the human heart, God gave these laws to promote happiness (v. 5) and to prevent oppression (v. 14) and the perversion of the law (v. 17).

神深知人心的罪恶，所以将这些法律给予百姓，叫他们能享福（5节），避免欺压（14节）及曲解律法（17节）的现象。

Husbands and Wives (1–5). 丈夫与妻子

God allowed divorced people to remarry; but this was a concession, not a commandment (Matt. 19:1–12). The divorced wife, protected by this law, could establish a new home, and she did not become a castaway. God wants happiness and holiness in our homes. We will enjoy those blessings if we obey Him and love one another.

神允许离婚的人再婚，但这是一种特许，并非命令（太19:1-12）。在这律法下离婚的妻子能受到保护，可以建立一个新的家庭，不至于被弃。神愿我们的家是幸福、圣洁的。我们若顺服神，彼此相爱，我们就能享有这些福分。

Masters and Servants (6–18). 主人与仆人

God sees how we treat those who depend on us for their living. We must never humiliate others because they have less money or authority than we do. When we start to get proud and insensitive, we should remember what we were before the Lord saved us (vv. 18, 22; Titus 3:3–8).

神要看我们是如何对待那些有赖于我们生活的人。我们决不能因为别人赚的钱少或权利较低而侮辱他们。当我们开始变得骄傲，不顾及别人的感受时，我们要铭记自己被主拯救之前的模样（18, 22节，提3:3-8）。

Rich and Poor (19–22). 富人与穷人

God had special concern for the poor, and He depended on the generosity of His people to meet their needs. He promised to bless all who showed compassion to aliens, widows, and orphans. We should ask ourselves where we would be if others helped us to the same degree that we help others.

神特别关心穷人，也​​依靠自己子民的宽待满足这群人的需求。神应许要赐福给向那寄居的和孤儿寡妇施展怜悯的人。我们应该扪心自问，倘若他人帮助我们的程度与我们帮助他人是一样的，我们如今会是怎样的呢？

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. Deut 24 does not command, commend or condone divorce. Rather, it recognizes that divorce occurs and permits it only on restricted grounds. The case presented here is designed to convey the fact that divorcing produced defilement. Notice the following sequence: A. If a man finds an uncleanness (some impurity or something vile, cf. 23:14) in his wife; if he legally divorces her; C. if she then marries another man; D. if the new husband then dies or divorces her; then that woman could not return to her first husband (v. 4). This is so because she was “defiled” with such a defilement that is an abomination to the Lord and a sinful pollution of the Promised Land. What constitutes that defilement? Only one thing is possible—she was defiled in the remarriage because there was no ground for the divorce. So when she remarried, she became an adulteress (Matt. 5:31, 32) and is thus defiled so that her former husband can’t take her back. Illegitimate divorce proliferates adultery. Let’s pray that we work to maintain healthy marriages in the church for the glory of God.

申命记24章并没有命令、赞扬或纵容离婚。相反的，它承认离婚的存在，并在特殊的情况下容许它发生。这里所陈述的例子，表达了离婚必致污秽的事实。请注意其中的顺序：A.若男人发现妻子有什么不合理的事（一些污秽或恶劣的东西，比照23:14 ）；B.他若合法地休了妻子；C.而她若再嫁给另一名男子；D.新夫若随后去世或离婚；那这女子就不得与第一任丈夫结婚（4节）。这是因为她已如此“污秽”，为耶和华所憎恶，且玷污了应许之地。什么导致污秽了呢？只有一个可能性，就是在无合法的情况下离婚，所以当她改嫁时，她就成为了淫妇（太5:31- 32），变得如此污秽，叫她的前任丈夫不能与她和好。不合法的离婚能激增奸淫之罪。让我们祈祷，叫教会里的夫妇努力维持健康的婚姻生活，荣耀神。

2. When you reap your harvest in your field and forget a sheaf in the field, you shall not go back to get it. It shall be for the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow, that the LORD your God may bless you in all the work of your hands. (Deut 24:19) The same teaching is repeated in verses 20 and 21. The reason is to take of the poor. Sometimes we bargain unreasonably especially with the poor and powerless. Let’s pray that we are generous in our dealings for His glory.

你在田间收割庄稼，若忘下一捆，不可回去再取，要留给寄居的与孤儿寡妇。这样，耶和华你神必在你手里所办的一切事上赐福与你。（申24:19）20和21节也重复了同样的教导，因为我们必须照顾穷人。有些时候我们会蛮不讲理地与人讨价还价，尤其会对穷人和无助的人这么做。让我们祈祷，叫我们能为神的荣耀，在行事为人上凡事慷慨。

The phrase “enter the assembly,” used six times in this chapter, refers to coming to worship God. God has the right to decide who and how they shall approach Him in worship. (See Ps. 15; John 4:19–24.) These laws were required because God walked in the camp (v. 14); therefore, the camp had to be clean. Even matters of personal hygiene were important (vv. 9–14). Of course, in Jesus Christ, these distinctions have been removed (Gal. 3:26–29), and the gospel call is to “whoever” (Rev. 22:17). However the principle is that same: Christ walks among His churches (Rev. 1:13; 2:1) and He wants to see a holy people.

 “入耶和华的会”，亦指前来敬拜神，在本章共出现六次。神有权决定谁可以及如何敬拜祂。（见 诗15；约4:19-24）由于神常在营中行走，所以他们必须遵从这些法律（14节）；因此，营地必须是洁净的。神甚至也注重个人卫生（9-14节）。当然，我们因基督耶稣不再有这些区分（加3:26-29），而福音的呼召是向凡愿意听从的人发出的（启22:17）。但是，其原则不变：基督常在祂的教会中行走（启1:13;2:1），而祂盼望看见一群圣洁的人。

Verse 4 shows the sad consequences of sin, of both omission (the people did not help Israel) and commission (they hired Balaam). The kindness that we show to others, we also show to Christ (Matt. 25:31–46). One act of unkindness may bring years of sorrow.

第4节反映了罪的后果，即不作为的过错（百姓没有协助以色列）和有所作为之罪（百姓雇了巴兰）。我们向他人施展的好意，犹如做在基督身上一样（太25:31-46）。一时的恶举也可能带来多年的悲伤。

Even the source of our money is God’s concern (vv. 17–18). The pagan temples had religious prostitutes, male (“dogs”) and female, and God would not accept their money earned by abominable means.

神甚至也在乎我们金钱的来源（17-18节）。异教寺庙里有男女庙妓，即娈童（原文作狗）和娼妓，而神是不会接受通过这憎恶手段所赚取的金钱。

These miscellaneous regulations remind us that God is interested in the details of our lives. He wants us to be holy so that we may fellowship with Him (2 Cor. 6:14–18).

这些繁琐的规定提醒我们，神也很在乎我们生活的点滴。祂要我们圣洁，叫我们能常与祂相交（林后6:14-18）。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. The Lord said, “For I am the LORD your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be holy, for I am holy. (Lev 11:44) and also, “If you, O LORD, should mark iniquities, O Lord, who could stand?” (Psalm 130:3) This chapter examines every aspect of our lives.

主说：“我是耶和华你们的神，所以你们要成为圣洁，因为我是圣洁的（利11:44）”，又：“主耶和华啊，你若究察罪孽，谁能站得住呢？”（诗130:3）本章召我们要审查自己各方生活的圣洁。

2. The sins of omission and commission were discussed in verses 4-8. Verse 9 talks about the sins of wars. Verses 10-14 talk about personal hygiene. Verse 15-16 talk about the care of the needy persons and verses 17-20 talk about the sins of sex and money. Verse 21-23 talk about taking oath and verse 24-25 talks about taking care of the poor. Let’s examine our lives to see if there is anything we need to confront and change for the glory of God.

第4至8节论及了不作为和所作为的罪。第9节提到打战时的罪；10至14节论及个人卫生；15至16节说到照顾有需要的人；17至20节涉及性与金钱的罪；21至23节谈到誓言，而24至25节说要照顾穷人。让我们审查自己的生命，看自己在哪些方面需要正视并改变，叫荣耀归于神。

Lost Possessions 丢失财物 (1–4).

God honors private ownership and demands honesty in the handling of other people’s goods, even when it is not convenient. He also has compassion for animals (Exod. 23:5). We are stewards of all that God gives us, and we must be faithful.

神看重私人所有权，所以即使麻烦，神也要我们诚实对待他人的财物。神对动物也怀有慈爱（出23:5）。我们都是神造物的管家，所以必须忠心。

Lost Distinctions 丢失区别 (5–12).

The Bible makes it clear that “God is not the author of confusion” (1 Cor. 14:33), but confusion results when we ignore the distinctions God has made between men and women, animals, and even seeds and fabrics. Like the dietary laws, these rules reminded the Jews that they were separated people, and the tassels on their clothing were an additional reminder.

圣经清楚说道：“神不叫人混乱”（林前14:33），但我们若忽视神对男女、动物、甚至是种子和布料之间的分别，我们就会产生混乱。就如饮食条规一样，这些规则是要提醒犹太人须分别为圣，而外衣上的穗子更是作额外的提醒。

Lost Reputations 失去声誉 (13–30).

Here you see God’s protection for the helpless in the land. It is a serious thing to bear false witness, particularly in the matter of sexual purity. A reputation can be ruined by people making false accusations. It is not enough simply to love virtue; sometimes we must also “put away the evil” (v. 21) and deal with sin.

你在这里可以看到神对无助之人的保护。诬告他人是一件严重的事，特别是在性纯洁的事上。假见证可以毁灭一个人的声誉。我们不但要爱美德，有时还须“把那恶从中间除掉”（21节），以此对付罪。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. The regulations in chapter 22 are specific applications of Leviticus 19:18, “You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself.” The neighbor is a brother, which makes it an even greater motive for helping him; and God is the Lord of both, which is the highest motive of all. In fact, the Jews were to extend this same concern even to their enemies’ animals (Ex. 23:4). The Lord is not only concerned that people find and restore lost animals, but He is also greatly concerned that we find the lost sinners who have strayed away (Luke 15:1–7; James 5:19–20). Certainly a human being made in the image of God is of more value than a beast! (Matt. 12:12) Let’s pray that we love our neighbor enough to be concerned for their eternal lives.

第22章的条规都是利未记19:18所列原则的具体应用：“不可报仇，也不可埋怨你本国的子民，却要爱人如己。”邻舍是我们的弟兄，所以我们更应该帮助他；神是我们俩的主，这应该是我们帮助彼此的最大动机。事实上，犹太人也当如此待仇敌的家禽（出23:4）。主不仅关心人们是否找着丢失的动物，祂更关注我们是否找着迷失和走偏的罪人（路15:1-7；雅5:19-20）。以神形象所造的人当然比禽兽更重要！（太12:12）让我们祈祷，叫自己能真切怜爱我们的邻舍，关注他们的永生。

2. Deut 22:5 prohibited a man from wearing any item of feminine clothing or ornamentation, or a woman from wearing any item of masculine clothing or ornamentation. The creation order distinctions between male and female were God’s design and let’s pray that we obey it (Ge 1:27).

申命记22:5禁止男人穿戴妇女的衣服或首饰，或女人穿戴男人的。男女之别是神创造的设计，所以让我们祈祷能遵从此意（创1:27）。

3. “Sex has become one of the most discussed subjects of modern times,” Yet the Bible made it clear that sex must not be experienced outside of the bonds of marriage. The Law of Moses and the New Testament magnify personal purity and the importance of honesty and loyalty in marriage. If upon consummating the marriage, the husband discovered that his wife was not a virgin, the punishment of this sin was death.

性已成为现代社会最为热门的讨论话题。然而圣经明确提出，性爱不得发生在婚姻以外的关系。摩西和新约律法看重个人圣洁，也强调婚姻中诚实和忠贞的重要性。丈夫若在圆房时发现妻子并非处女之身，这罪的惩罚就是死。

Man is made in the image of God, and human life is precious in His sight. People are not to be treated like animals or things, and the laws in this chapter illustrate this truth.

神照着自己的形象造人，所以神视人命为贵。我们不能以待动物或事物的方式待人，而本章的法律便显明了这真理。

Murder 谋杀 (1–9).

The unlawful taking of a life is a tragedy that cannot be erased simply by burying a corpse. The heifer died instead of the culprit (Gen. 9:5–6), but the sacrifice did not atone for the murderer’s sin. Rather, the sacrifice kept the land from being defiled by innocent blood (Deut. 19:10–13), and it reminded the people that life is precious.

非法夺取人命的悲剧，是不能以埋葬尸体如此简单地掩盖。母牛犊能代凶手而死（创9:5-6），但它无法为凶手赎罪。这祭物乃是为了防止这地沾满了无辜人的血（19:10-13），并提醒会众生命是宝贵的。

Marriage 婚姻 (10–17).

Jews were forbidden to marry Canaanites (Deut. 7:1–4), so the captured wife mentioned in these verses had to come from another nation. Women in general, and captives in particular, had very little status in those days; but God protected her from abuse. No matter how much authority we have, we must not mistreat others or take advantage of them.

犹太人不得与迦南人通婚（7:1-4），所以这里被掳的女人大可能来自他国。当时的妇女，尤其是被俘的妇女，一般都没有什么身份地位；然而神保护她们免受虐待。无论我们有再大的权力，我们都不可虐待或剥削他人。

Rebellion 悖逆 (18–23).

A rebellious son would grieve his parents, bring shame to his village, and be a bad example to other young men. The fear of death might deter some sons, or like the prodigal (Luke 15:11ff.), they might decide to leave home. To us, it seems like a drastic law, but God will not tolerate rebellion.

一个悖逆的儿子能使父母痛心，给村庄带来耻辱，也是其他年轻人的坏榜样。死亡的恐惧或许能阻止这样的行为，又或者像浪子一样（路15:11），有些会选择离家出走。对我们来说，这律法似乎苛刻残酷，但神绝不纵容悖逆之心。

See our Lord in this chapter: He died for guilty sinners; He loved and married a foreign bride (Eph. 5:25ff.); He died for rebellious sinners; and He was hanged on a tree (Gal. 3:13).

我们在本章能看见我们的主：祂代罪人而死；祂怜爱并迎娶外族新娘（弗5:25）；祂为悖逆的罪人代死；并被挂在木头上（加3:13）。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

While Jewish men were not allowed to take wives from the Canaanite nations (7:3), they were however permitted to marry women from the conquered cities located at a distance from the Promised Land (20:14–15). Of course, it was expected that these women would accept the faith of Israel and enter into the religious life of the Israelites. On returning home with his bride, the man had to wait a month before consummating the marriage. During that waiting period, the woman could be emotionally prepared for a new beginning; for she had to shave her head, cut her nails, and put on different clothes. Shaving the head was part of the ritual for cleansed lepers (Lev. 14:8–9) and the dedication of Nazirites who had fulfilled their vows (Num. 6:18). While shaving the head would be a humbling experience for the woman (see Deut. 21:14), it could also be the sign of a new beginning, as it was for the leper and the Nazirite. She was renouncing her former religion, the worship of idols, and accepting Jehovah as her God. During this waiting period, she was expected to express her sorrow over leaving her family and her native city. In short, the experiences of this month of waiting, painful as they might be, were designed to help the woman make the transition from the old faith to new faith and old life into the new life.

犹太男子虽然不得迎娶迦南女子为妻（7:3），但他们可以迎娶应许之地以外所被征服之城中的女子（20:14-15）。当然，这些女子必须接受以色列的信仰，并过以色列人的宗教生活。把新娘接回国后，男子必须等上一个月才可圆房。等待期间，女子能为这新开始做思想上的准备；她必须剃头、修指甲，并换上不同的衣服。剃头是洁净麻风患者仪式的一部分（利14:8-9），也是拿细耳人已履行誓言的奉献（民6:18）。剃头对女人来说必是一个令人谦卑的体验（见申21:14），但更是标志了一个新开始，如同麻风患者和拿细耳人一样。她舍弃从前敬拜偶像的生活，并接受耶和华为她的神。在等待期间，她当为离开家人和家乡表达悲伤。总之，尽管这一个月的等待或许是痛苦的，但它能帮助女子从旧信仰过渡到新的信仰，从旧生活过渡到新生活。

Claiming our spiritual inheritance will involve battles as well as blessings, for the hosts of evil are against us (Eph. 6:10–13). God’s words to Israel help us understand how to defeat the enemies we face.

继承属灵基业的过程同时包括了争战与祝福，因为魔鬼会抵挡我们（弗6:10-13）。神对以色列所说的话也能帮助我们了解如何能击败我们眼前的敌人。

Before the Battle: Courage.  战争前：要勇敢

We walk by faith and not by sight (v. 1) and must never judge the victory by our own resources or the resources of the enemy. God gives us the power to overcome, so take courage from the fact that God is with us and fights for us. Read 2 Chronicles 20:1–23 for an exciting example of this truth.

我们行事为人是凭着信心，不是凭着眼见（第1节），所以我们不能凭自己或敌人的能力裁决胜败。神给予我们战胜敌人的能力，因此当要勇敢，因神与我们同在，也为我们争战。请阅读历代志下20:1-23一个激动人心的例子。

During the Battle: Obedience. 战争时：要顺服

We must be totally devoted to the Lord if we are to win the battle (2 Tim. 2:4). The battlefield is no place for the fearful and fainthearted or the doubleminded. We must obey whatever battle plan God assigns to us, for the enemy often employs a different strategy.

若要赢得这场争战，我们必须完全忠心于主（提后2:4）。战场上容不得惧怕胆怯或心怀二意的人。神为我们拟定的作战计划，我们都当服从，因为敌人往往采用各样不同的策略。

After the Battle: Complete Conquest. 战争后：要彻底征服敌人

Even in defeat, the enemy is still the enemy and can entice us into sin. Remember what happened to Achan (Josh. 7) and King Saul (1 Sam. 15).

战败了的敌人仍然是敌人，并能引诱我们犯罪。还记得亚干（书7）和扫罗王（撒上15）的下场吗？

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. There were three occasions for granting temporary deferment from military service in Israel. The first was to allow the soldier to dedicate a new house to the Lord and start living in it (Deut. 20:5). The word translated “dedicate” also means “to initiate,” that is, to start living in the house with his family. The second was to harvest a new vineyard. The third was perhaps the most important, and that was to permit the engaged soldier to go home and get married. According to Deuteronomy 24:5, he could deferred a year. These three exceptions suggest that God is more interested in our enjoying the common blessings of life—homes, harvests, and honeymoons—than devoting ourselves only to the battles of life. He didn’t want any of the Jewish men to use their military responsibilities as an excuse to neglect their families, their vineyards, and their fiancées. Certainly military service was important, but the Lord was more concerned that the men have the right priorities in life. What good was accomplished for the Jewish people if their army defeated the enemy on the field but things were falling apart back home? Let’s pray we possess the same priority as Him.

以色列人在三种情况下可暂时延后服行兵役。首先是让军人把新房奉献给主，好让他先进去居住（申20:5）。“奉献”的原意就是“启蒙”，即与自己的家开始同住在房子里。其二就是让军人先收割新葡萄园。第三，或许也是最重要的，就是让订婚的军人先回家成亲。据申命记24:5，这人可延后服役长达一年。这三个特例说明神更关注的是我们能享受平凡生活的祝福，即家园、收成和蜜月，而不单单专注于生命中的战斗。神不希望犹太男子以军事责任为借口，反倒忽略自己的家庭、葡萄园和未婚妻。兵役固然重要，但耶和华更在乎的是人不舍本逐末。如果犹太人大战对手，家中却四分五裂，这又对他们有何益处？让我们祈祷，叫自己的优先顺序能与神相同。

2. It’s important to note that God gave the nation two different military approaches, one for the cities in the land of Canaan (vv. 1–9, 16–18) and the other for cities outside Canaan (vv. 10–15). Why? It is because the sins of Canaanites and the Lord had given them 400 years to repent yet they still did not want to repent. The consequences of the refusal to repent is serious. Let’s pray that we remember the happen to them.

我们当注意，神给予以色列两个不同的军事策略，一个是针对迦南地里的城（1-9节，16-18节），另一个是针对迦南地以外的各城（10-15节）。为什么呢？这是因为迦南人犯了罪；主已给他们四百年的时间悔改，但他们尚未忏悔。拒绝悔改的后果是严重的。让我们祷告自己能记住他们所遭受的下场。

There was a court system in Israel but no police force. The innocent person had to be protected before the family of a victim attempted to take vengeance. The cities of refuge provided a place of escape where the manslayer could be tried to see whether the death was manslaughter or murder.

以色列国只有法院制度，没有警力，因此无辜的人需要受到保护，以免受害者的家属私自向他们报仇。逃城就是误杀人的避难所；他们将在那里接受审讯，查看是否真是误杀还是谋杀他人。

The cities picture the salvation we have in Jesus Christ, the One to whom we have “fled for refuge” because death is pursuing us (Heb. 6:18; Rom. 6:23). The cities were appointed by God, and no other cities would do (Acts 4:12). They were accessible and available to all (Josh. 20:9; John 6:37), but the person had to believe God’s Word and act on it. The roads to those cities were clearly marked and kept in good repair. The way was open and free.

这些城所勾画的是我们在基督耶稣里的救恩：祂就是我们逃往的避难所，因死亡正追赶着我们（来6:18；罗6:23）。这些城都是神所指定的，不能由其它城取代（徒4:12）。它向万人开放，但唯有相信神话语的人才会有所行动（书20:9；约6:37）。通往这些城的地标清晰、道路通明，是敞开的，没有阻碍。

However, in Christ we have something far better! The manslayer was tried to see if he were a murderer, but those who trust Christ shall never face judgment (John 5:24; Rom. 8:1). Our High Priest lives forever and intercedes for us; therefore, we can never be refused (Heb. 7:23–28). We are indeed guilty, but He forgives us by His grace—and He takes our punishment for us!

然而，我们在基督里所得到的更为美好！误杀人的仍需接受审讯，查看他是否有谋杀的企图，但信靠基督的将永远无需面临审判（约5:24；罗8:1）。我们的大祭司永远活着，替我们祈求，所以我们必不会遭拒绝（来7:23-28）。我们确实是有罪的，但祂因着恩典赦免我们，更担当了我们的刑罚！

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. The statutes explained by Moses in this part of Deuteronomy deal broadly with social and community order. Modern law still follows Moses in making a distinction between murder and manslaughter (Ex. 21:12–14; Lev. 24:17). The person who unintentionally killed someone could flee to the nearest city of refuge and present his case to the elders there. Israel had no system or policemen for locating and arresting suspected criminals. If he didn’t flee, a member of the victim’s family might chase him down and become “the avenger of blood” and kill him. By fleeing to the city of refuge, the manslayer was safe until the facts of the case could be examined and a verdict declared. If found innocent, the manslayer was allowed to live safely. Even though he was innocent, he still paid a price for accidentally killing another human being. God is just and He will judge rightly. Let’s thank God for His fairness, protection and righteousness.

摩西在《申命记》的这一段经文所提到的法则涉及到了广泛社会和社区的秩序。现代法律仍照摩西所言，在谋杀和误杀之间作出区分（出21:12-14；利24:17）。误杀人的可以逃往最近的逃城，并向那里的长老陈述自己的情况。以色列国并没有社会架构或警力追踪和逮捕罪案嫌犯。如果他不逃亡，受害者的家属很可能会追捕他，成为那“报血仇的”，将他治死。借着逃往逃城，误杀人的能享安全，直至案情审视完毕和最终的判决。若被判无辜，误杀的可以继续安全地住在那里；即使是无辜的，他仍要为误杀之罪付上代价。神是公义的，祂必有正确的判决。让我们为神的公正、保护和公义感恩。

2. Murder was one of several capital crimes in Israel. Others were idolatry and sorcery (Lev. 20:1–6), blasphemy (24:10–16), violating the Sabbath (Num. 15:32–36), willful and repeated disobedience to parents (Deut. 21:18–21; Ex. 21:15, 17), kidnapping (Ex. 21:16), bestiality (22:19), homosexuality (Lev. 20:13), adultery, and the rape of an engaged maiden (Deut. 22:22–27). Although we don’t practice capital punishment today, we can see how serious the Lord views these sins. Let’s pray that we view these sins from the perspective of God and obey Him.

谋杀在以色列是死罪；其它的还包括：敬拜偶像和施巫术（利20:1-6）、亵渎神（24:10-16）、违反安息日（民15:32-36）、对父母顽梗悖逆（申21:18–21；出21:15, 17）、绑架（出21:16）、人兽交（22:19）、同性恋（利20:13）、奸淫和强暴有婚约女子（申22:22-27）。我们现今虽然不都为这些罪行判决死刑，但我们能从中看出神是如此严厉看待这些罪孽的。让我们祈祷，叫自己能以神的眼光看待这些罪，并听从顺服祂。

God’s people should be a generous people (vv. 1–8), sharing what they have with those who serve (1 Cor. 9:1–14; 3 John 5–8). The priests and Levites depended on the sacrifices and the tithes for their sustenance, and unfaithful people meant neglected servants. (See Neh. 13:10–14.)

神的子民应该是一群慷慨的人（1-8节），与侍奉神的共享所拥有的（林前9:1-14；约三5-8）。祭司和利未人依赖百姓的奉献维持生计，而子民的不忠将导致神的仆人被忽略（见尼13:10-14）。

They should also be a separated people (vv. 9–14). This is one of the strongest warnings in Scripture against occult practices, and it must be heeded today. Israel did not obey this command, and the land was defiled and the nation destroyed.

他们也应该是一群分别为圣的人（9-14节）。这是圣经中对邪教习俗最严厉的警告之一，而我们今日也必须留心。以色列因为没有遵守这命令，所以土地被玷污，国家也遭毁灭。

God’s people must be a discerning people (vv. 15–22), listening to the Word, receiving it and obeying it. The Prophet mentioned here is Jesus Christ (Acts 3:18–23), but when He came, they did not recognize Him or receive Him (John 1:10–11; 5:43). The mark of a true prophet is that everything predicted comes to pass. The prophet is not 75 percent correct, but 100 percent correct!

神的子民人必须是一群能分辨善恶的人（15-22节），听从、领受并顺服神的话。这里所提到的先知指的是耶稣基督（徒3:18-23），但当祂来到世界时，世界却不认识祂，也不接待祂（约1:10-11；5:43）。一个真先知的标志就是凡他所预言的必然应验。先知不是75％正确，而是有百分之百的准确率！

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. There shall not be found among you anyone who burns his son or his daughter as an offering, anyone who practices divination or tells fortunes or interprets omens, or a sorcerer or a charmer or a medium or a necromancer or one who inquires of the dead, for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD. And because of these abominations the LORD your God is driving them out before you. (Deu 18:10-12) Today it is unlikely that we’ll burn our sons and daughters but do you practice divination or consult fortunes tellers, sorcerers or medium? Or are you superstitious because of local practices? Do you consult the horoscopes even for fun? Let’s pray that we obey and not to be involved in these practices because it offends our God.

你们中间不可有人使儿女经火，也不可有占卜的，观兆的，用法术的，行邪术的，用迷术的，交鬼的，行巫术的，过阴的。凡行这些事的都为耶和华所憎恶；因那些国民行这可憎恶的事，所以耶和华─你的神将他们从你面前赶出。（申18:10-12）如今，我们或许不会烧死自己的子女，但你是否曾占卜，或有咨询算命师、巫师或灵媒的习惯呢？又或者你沉迷于当地的迷信思想，还是因好玩而查看星座日程呢？让我们祷告能顺服神，不参与这些事情，因为这得罪了我们的神。

2. How do we know who are the true prophets? When a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD, if the word does not come to pass or come true, that is a word that the LORD has not spoken; the prophet has spoken it presumptuously. You need not be afraid of him. (Deu 18:22) Today many charismatic leaders claim to be God’s prophets. Their prophesies are wrong, yet people still follow them. This is clearly against God’s Word. We need to disassociate ourselves from them. Let’s pray that we are discerning for the Lord’s glory.

我们怎么知道谁是真先知？若这先知托耶和华的名说话，所说的若不成就，也无效经验，这就是耶和华所未曾吩咐的，是那先知擅自说的，你不要怕他。（申18:22）今日，许多灵恩派的领导声称自己是神的先知。他们所预言的虽然都错，但人们仍跟随他们。这显然违背了神的话。我们必须远离他们。让我们祈祷自己能够为主的荣耀辨别善恶。

Presumption. 僭越之罪

God’s Word reveals God’s will and we must not go beyond what God permits. To transgress (v. 2) means to “cross the line,” which is presumptuous sin. God says, “Thus far and no farther!” and we must obey. That obedience applied to sentences of judgment (vv. 8–13). The sinner who challenged the judgment of God’s appointed leaders was destined to die. “Hear and fear!”

神的话语启示了神的旨意，是我们不得跨越的。违背（2节）的意思是“越线”，而这是僭越之罪。神说：“只可到这里，不可越过！”，所以我们必须遵从。我们也须遵守审判官所断定的判语（8-13节）。罪人若不听从神所立之领导的审判，必被治死。 “要听见害怕！”

Pride. 骄傲之罪

Israel did ask for a king, and God gave them Saul (1 Sam. 8–10). We do not know whether he obeyed (vv. 18–20), but we do know that he failed to obey God’s will (1 Sam. 15). His successor David was a man of God’s Word, but David’s son Solomon committed all of the sins named in verses 16–17 (1 Kings 10–11). There was great prosperity for a time, but then the nation divided and turned from God.

以色列确实向神求立一王治理他们，所以神赐给他们扫罗（撒上8-10）。我们虽不知扫罗是否顺服神（18-20节），但可晓他违背了神的旨意（撒上15）。他的继承人大卫是个看重神话语的人，但大卫的儿子所罗门却犯下了16至17节中所列的一切罪行（代上10-11）。那时的以色列极其繁荣，但以色列国随后被分裂并离开了神。

Common citizens, priests, judges, and kings—all had an obligation to submit to God’s Word and obey it. The higher the position, the greater the responsibility. “Hear and fear!”

普通百姓、祭司、审判官和国王都有义务降服于神的话，并遵从它。地位越高，责任也越大。“要听见害怕！”

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. For I am God, and there is no other (Isa 45:22). You shall worship no other god, for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God (Exo 34:14). The Lord is very serious about where our hearts are. He alone is the only God and there is none other. However, Calvin correctly observes that human hearts are the factories of idols. We made many idols for ourselves to worship. It includes visible and invisible idols. The desires of our hearts, being good or bad, can become our idols. Notice the punishment is severe. It is the death penalty. This is because God is our only Creator and we ought to worship Him alone. He will not create us to worship other gods. Let’s examine our hearts carefully. If we don’t God will do this.

因为我是神，再没有别神。（赛45:22）不可敬拜别神；因为耶和华是忌邪的神，名为忌邪者（出34:14）。耶和华非常关注我们的心思意念到底属谁。唯独祂是神，除祂以外别无他神。然而，加尔文正确指出人心是制造偶像的工厂。我们为自己制造了许多敬拜的偶像；这都包括有形和无形的。我们心中的渴望，无论好坏，都可以成为我们的偶像。请注意拜偶像的处罚极其严重—是死刑。这是因为神是我们独一的创造者，而我们应该唯独敬拜祂。神造我们，绝不为敬拜他神。让我们仔细审察自己的心，否则神会这么做。

2. The kings are not to acquire many horses; not to take multiple wives and not to accumulate much silver and gold. That means the kings were not to rely on military strength, political alliances, or wealth for his position and authority, but he was to look to the Lord. The kings shall write for themselves in a book a copy of this law and it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the LORD his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them. (Deu 17:18-19) The leaders of a nation are also to write, read and do the word of God. Let’s pray for our nation that they will obey the Lord.

国王不可为自己加添马匹，不可为自己多立妃嫔，也不可为自己多积金银。这表示：国王不得依靠军事力量、政治联盟或财富取得地位权力，只要单单仰望主。国王需为自己抄录一本法律书存在自己那里，平生诵读，好学习敬畏耶和华他的神，并谨守遵行这律法书上的一切言语和这些律例（申17:18-19）。国家领导也当写、读并行神的话。让我们为国家祷告，愿领导能顺服主。

From the seven feasts on the Jewish calendar (Lev. 23), Moses selected three to emphasize, and they bear a message to the believer today.

摩西选择强调犹太日历七个节日的其中三个（利23），而它们都给今日的信徒带来一个信息。

Passover 逾越节 (1–8) looks to the past and reminds us that we have been redeemed by the blood of the Lamb of God (John 1:29; 1 Pet. 1:18–19). Redemption brings responsibility: feeding on the Lamb and removing from our lives all things that are wrong. (See 1 Cor. 5:1–8).

不但回顾过去，也提醒我们自己已被神羔羊的宝血救赎（约1:29；彼前1:18-19）。得救的同时也带来了新的责任：我们要以羔羊为食，从生命中除去一切罪恶污秽（见林前5:1-8）。

Pentecost 五旬节 (9–12) speaks of renewal and the coming of the Spirit of God to His people (Acts 2). It is a harvest festival that calls us to enter into His service and help reap the harvest (Luke 10:2; John 4:33–38; Acts 1:8).

阐述的是复兴，以及神的灵临到了祂的子民（徒2）。这是一个丰收的节日，叫我们服事神，并帮助收割庄稼（路10:2；约4:33-38；徒1:8）。

Tabernacles 住棚节 (13–17) reminded the Jews that they had lived in booths as a pilgrim people in the wilderness. We are “sojourners and pilgrims” in this world (1 Pet. 2:11) and must not get too settled down. Tabernacles also looks to the future kingdom that God has promised His people when their pilgrim journey is ended.

提醒犹太人他们在旷野中作客旅并居住在棚里的日子。我们是世上的“客旅，是寄居的”（彼前2:11），不得安定落根。住棚节展望的是那未来的国度，是神应许祂子民的天国历程之终点。

We need these three reminders today, lest we forget our redemption responsibilities.

我们今日也需要这三项提醒，免得我们的忘记了得救后的责任。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. The offering of Passover itself was to be only lamb (Ex 12:3–11). However, additional offerings were also to be made during the Passover and the subsequent 7 days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread (cf. Ex 12:15–20; 13:3–10; Lv 23:6–8; Nu 28:19–25). Therefore, sacrifices from both the flock and the herd were used in keeping the Passover. The key word here is remember as it is for the Lord’s Supper today (cf. Mt 26:26–30; Lk 22:14–19; 1 Co 11:23–26). Do you remember? What do you remember? Let’s pray that you do not forget Jesus Christ died a horrific death in order you can live today and forever.

羔羊是逾越节的唯一祭物（出12:3-11），但在逾越节和随后为期七天的除酵节之间，百姓需要献上其他祭物（参：出12:15-20；13:3-10；利23:6-8；民28:19-25）。因此，羊群和牛群都可在逾越节作祭物。这里的关键词是“纪念”，如同我们今日在主的圣餐纪念主一样（参：太26:26-30；路22:14-19；林前11:23-26）。你是否常常纪念主？你记念的是什么？让我们祈祷，叫我们不忘耶稣基督惨死在十架上，叫我们今日能得永生。

2. The second feast was called the “Feast of the Harvest” (Ex 23:16) or the “day of the first fruits” (Lv 23:9–22; Nu 28:26–31) and later came to be known as “Pentecost” (Ac 2:1). With the grain harvest completed, this one-day festival was a time of rejoicing. The outpouring of the Holy Spirit, 50 days after the death of Christ at the Passover, was on Pentecost and gives special meaning to that day for Christians (cf. Joel 2:28–32; Ac 2:14–18). It is alright to rejoice. In fact, we must rejoice (16:14) because of the Lord’s grace upon us. Let’s pray that we celebrate the Lord’s love constantly in our lives.

第二个节日也称作“收割节”（出23:16）或“初熟的头日”（利23:9-22；民28:26-31），后来被称“五旬节”（徒2:1）。随着粮食收割的结束，这是欢庆的一天。圣灵的浇灌发生在基督死后的第五十日，也就是逾越节后的五十天，即五旬节；这给基督徒带来了特殊的意义（参：珥2:28-32；徒2:14-18）。我们可以喜乐。事实上，我们必须喜乐（16:14），因为主的恩典降临在我们身上。让我们祈祷，叫我们不断为主在我们生命中所浇灌的的爱而喜乐。

3. The Feast of Booths was also called the “Feast of Ingathering” and the “Feast of Tabernacles” (cf. Ex 23:16; 34:22). It is again to remind us we are sojourners. Let’s pray that we don’t get too comfortable here on earth.

住棚节也称作“收割节”，以及“收藏节”（参：出23:16；34:22）。这也提醒我们自己是世上的客旅。让我们祈祷，叫我们不要在这世上活得过于安逸。

The blessing of God ought to motivate us to be a blessing and a help to others. Note how often Moses mentions the blessing of God (vv. 4, 6, 10, 14, 18). God has opened His hand generously to us, and we should open our hands widely to others (v. 8). He blesses us so that we might be a blessing (Gen. 12:2).

神的祝福应该激励我们去帮助别人，成为他们的祝福。请注意摩西是如此频繁地提到神的祝福（4, 6, 10, 14, 18节）。神松开手慷慨地赐福予我们，所以我们也应该向别人松开我们的手（8节）。祂祝福我们，叫我们能成为别人的祝福（创12:2）。

Not only must we have generous hands, but we should cultivate glad hearts as we share (v. 10). Giving is an occasion not for shrewd calculation (v. 9) but for jubilation! Paul may have had this verse in mind when he wrote “not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver” (2 Cor. 9:7).

我们不仅要有慷慨的手，也要在分享时培养一颗乐意的心（10节）。给予不是斤斤计较的时刻，而是欢庆的场合（9节）！当保罗写道：“不要作难，不要勉强，因为捐得乐意的人是神所喜爱的”（林后9:7），他或许想的就是这节经文。

The greatest gift of all is the gift of ourselves because we love one another (vv. 16–17). First we give ourselves to the Lord (Rom. 12:1–2) and then to one another in loving service (2 Cor. 8:1–5). There is plenty of room in “The Fellowship of the Pierced Ear.”

而世界上最珍贵的礼物就是自己，因为我们彼此相爱（16-17节）。首先，我们要将自己献于主（罗12:1-2），然后在爱中彼此服事（林后8:1-5）。我们还需在“穿刺之耳的团契”中更加努力。

Praying the Scripture 用经文祷告

1. Those who think that it takes a great deal of faith to give God a tithe of their income will probably be shocked when they read this section of the law. Just as every seventh day of the week was set apart for God as the Sabbath Day, so every seventh year was to be set apart as a Sabbath Year. During that year, the Jews were not to cultivate the land but allow it to rest. The people would have to trust God to produce the grain, vegetables, and fruits they needed for themselves and for their flocks and herds and farm animals. (Lev. 25:1–7) The Sabbath Year involved much more than rest for the land (Ex. 23:10–11). It also meant canceling debts (Deut. 15:1–11) and setting free the servants who had served for six years (vv. 12–18). If it is you, would you obey?

那些认为将自己收入的十分之一奉献给神是需要极大信心的，在读到这段律法时或许会感到震惊。正如每周的第七天应当分别出来作安息日一样，每七个年头也当作安息年。在这一年里，犹太人必须让土地休息，不得耕种。百姓须要信靠神供应他们和一切畜禽所需的粮食、蔬菜、水果等（利25:1-7）。安息年里不但要让土地休息（出23:10-11），还要抵消债务（申15:1-11），并释放已服事六年的仆人（12-18节）。如果是你，你会服从吗？

2. The Sabbath Year and the Year of Jubilee were part of God’s wise plan to balance the economic scales in the nation so that the rich could not exploit the poor. However, the Lord knew that there would always be poor people in the land because Israel would not consistently obey these laws. The nation of Israel would have been the most prosperous nation on earth if they had followed the instructions God gave them, but they rejected His will and they did not observe the Sabbath Year which was to be every seventh year or the Year of Jubilee every fiftieth year (Lev. 26:32–45), and for this failure they paid a great price. Their seventy years captivity in Babylon gave their land the Sabbath rest that it missed during those years of disobedience (2 Chron. 36:14–21).

安息年和禧年都是神智慧策划的一部分，以平衡国家经济，叫富人无法剥削穷人。然而，主知道以色列必然会有穷人的存在，因为她不会一直遵守这些律法。如果以色列人肯遵循神给他们的指示，他们如今就是世上最繁荣的国家了，但他们违背了神的旨意，也没遵守每七年的安息年，或每五十年的禧年（利26:32-45）。为此，他们付上了巨大的代价。他们被放流到巴比伦的七十年，就是要让土地补回这段日子所错过的休息（代下36:14-21）。